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Magnesium (Mg)
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential plant nutrient and the central atom of the chlorophyll molecule, the green pigment responsible for photosynthesis. Without an adequate supply of magnesium, plants cannot efficiently convert light energy into chemical energy. Magnesium is also involved in numerous physiological processes, including the activation of enzymes responsible for the synthesis of proteins, starch, sugars, oils, and fats. It plays an important role in cell wall stability and in the transport of carbohydrates and nutrients through the phloem. Magnesium deficiency leads to carbohydrate accumulation in leaves, reduced translocation of assimilates and nutrients, and may result in impaired growth and reduced nutrient uptake.
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Manganese (Mn)
Manganese (Mn) is an essential plant micronutrient involved in enzyme activation and numerous biochemical processes of plant metabolism. It plays an important role in photosynthesis, chlorophyll formation, and other physiological processes within the plant. In addition, manganese contributes to plant resistance against certain diseases and stress conditions, thereby positively influencing plant health and yield formation. Manganese deficiency may cause impaired plant growth and the development of chlorosis, characterised by leaf yellowing.
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Micronutrients
Micronutrients are mineral elements required by plants in very small quantities but are nevertheless essential for normal growth and development. The most important plant micronutrients include iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, and chlorine. These elements participate in numerous biochemical processes within plants, including photosynthesis, enzyme activation, synthesis of organic compounds, and regulation of plant water relations.
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Mineralisation
Mineralisation is a biological process during which soil organic matter, such as humus and plant residues, is decomposed by microorganisms and soil organisms into simpler mineral compounds. During this process, energy is released and organically bound nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulphur, are converted into mineral forms that can be taken up by plants. Mineralisation is closely linked to humification, during which stable organic compounds are formed that may later undergo further decomposition. This process plays a crucial role in nutrient cycling and determines nutrient availability to plants.
